MySQL之COUNT性能到底如何？
发布时间：2022-08-02 11:13:51 所属栏目：云计算 来源：互联网
导读：在实际开发过程中，统计一个表的数据量是经常遇到的需求，用来统计数据库表的行数都会使用COUNT(*)，COUNT(1)或者COUNT(字段)，但是表中的记录越来越多，使用COUNT(*)也会变得越来越慢，本文我们就来分析一下COUNT的性能到底如何。 1.COUNT(1)、COUNT(*)与CO
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在实际开发过程中，统计一个表的数据量是经常遇到的需求，用来统计数据库表的行数都会使用COUNT(*)，COUNT(1)或者COUNT(字段)，但是表中的记录越来越多，使用COUNT(*)也会变得越来越慢，本文我们就来分析一下COUNT的性能到底如何。 1.COUNT(1)、COUNT(*)与COUNT(字段)哪个更快？ 执行效果： COUNT(*)MySQL 对COUNT(*)进行了优化，COUNT(*)直接扫描主键索引记录，并不会把全部字段取出来，直接按行累加。 COUNT(1)InnoDB引擎遍历整张表，但不取值，server 层对于返回的每一行，放一个数字“1”进去，按行累加。 COUNT(字段)如果这个“字段”是定义为NOT NULL，那么InnoDB 引擎会一行行地从记录里面读出这个字段，server 层判断不能为NULL，按行累加;如果这个“字段”定义允许为NULL，那么InnoDB 引擎会一行行地从记录里面读出这个字段，然后把值取出来再判断一下，不是 NULL才累加。 实验分析 本文测试使用的环境： 复制 [root@zhyno1 ~]# cat /etc/system-release CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core) [root@zhyno1 ~]# uname -a Linux zhyno1 3.10.0-1160.62.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Apr 5 16:57:59 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 测试数据库采用的是（存储引擎采用InnoDB，其它参数默认）： 复制 (Mon Jul 25 09:41:39 2022)[root@GreatSQL][(none)]>select version(); +-----------+ | version() | +-----------+ | 8.0.25-16 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 实验开始： 复制 #首先我们创建一个实验表 CREATE TABLE test_count ( `id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `salary` int(1) NOT NULL, KEY `idx_salary` (`salary`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; #插入1000W条数据 DELIMITER // CREATE PROCEDURE insert_1000w() BEGIN DECLARE i INT; SET i=1; WHILE i<=10000000 DO INSERT INTO test_count(name,salary) VALUES('KAiTO',1); SET i=i+1; END WHILE; END// DELIMITER ; #执行存储过程 call insert_1000w(); 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 接下来我们分别来实验一下： COUNT(1)花费了4.19秒 复制 (Sat Jul 23 22:56:04 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>select count(1) from test_count; +----------+ | count(1) | +----------+ | 10000000 | +----------+ 1 row in set (4.19 sec) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. COUNT(*)花费了4.16秒 复制 (Sat Jul 23 22:57:41 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>select count(*) from test_count; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 10000000 | +----------+ 1 row in set (4.16 sec) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. COUNT(字段)花费了4.23秒 复制 (Sat Jul 23 22:58:56 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>select count(id) from test_count; +-----------+ | count(id) | +-----------+ | 10000000 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (4.23 sec) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 我们可以再来测试一下执行计划 COUNT(*) 复制 (Sat Jul 23 22:59:16 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>explain select count(*) from test_count; +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | test_count | NULL | index | NULL | idx_salary | 4 | NULL | 9980612 | 100.00 | Using index | +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec) (Sat Jul 23 22:59:48 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>show warnings; +-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Level | Code | Message | +-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Note | 1003 | /* select#1 */ select count(0) AS `count(*)` from `test`.`test_count` | +-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. COUNT(1) 复制 (Sat Jul 23 23:12:45 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>explain select count(1) from test_count; +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | test_count | NULL | index | NULL | idx_salary | 4 | NULL | 9980612 | 100.00 | Using index | +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) (Sat Jul 23 23:13:02 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>show warnings; +-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Level | Code | Message | +-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Note | 1003 | /* select#1 */ select count(1) AS `count(1)` from `test`.`test_count` | +-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. COUNT(字段) 复制 (Sat Jul 23 23:13:14 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>explain select count(id) from test_count; +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | test_count | NULL | index | NULL | idx_salary | 4 | NULL | 9980612 | 100.00 | Using index | +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+------------+---------+------+---------+----------+-------------+ 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) (Sat Jul 23 23:13:29 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>show warnings; +-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Level | Code | Message | +-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Note | 1003 | /* select#1 */ select count(`test`.`test_count`.`id`) AS `count(id)` from `test`.`test_count` | +-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 需要注意的是COUNT里如果是非主键字段的话 复制 (Tue Jul 26 14:01:57 2022)[root@GreatSQL][test]>explain select count(name) from test_count where id <100 ; +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | test_count | NULL | range | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | NULL | 99 | 100.00 | Using where | +----+-------------+------------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+ 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 实验结果 从上面的实验我们可以得出，COUNT(*)和COUNT(1)是最快的，其次是COUNT(id)。 COUNT(*)被MySQL查询优化器改写成了COUNT(0)，并选择了idx_salary索引。 COUNT(1)和COUNT(id)都选择了idx_salary索引。 （编辑：岳阳站长网） 【声明】本站内容均来自网络，其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点，不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利，请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |
